THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONTEMPORARY TURKISH LITERATURE IN MACEDONIA

Abstract

The withdrawal of the Ottoman state from Macedonia had a negative effect on the Turkish literature and culture. Nevertheless, in the period between 1918 and 1941, the Turks managed to publish eleven newspapers, such as: „Rehber“, „Uhuvvet“, „Hak“, „Hak Yolu“, „Mücahede“, „Sosyalist Fecri“, „Yeni Vakit“, „Birlik“, „Seda-yı Millet“, „Işık“ и „Doğru Yol“. However, many newspapers were abolished by the regime, like the newspaper "Hak", which was abolished after a total of 956 issues printed up to 11 December 1924 and which strongly criticized the demolition of the Burmali mosque in Skopje, can be cited as an example.During the reign with Macedonia - which after the occupation by the Germans was handed over to the Bulgarians - the activity in the field of publishing and organizing the Turks, whose national identity was not recognized, comes to a complete standstill. After the Second World War, in the second Yugoslavia which was elevated based on new dynamics, based on the few cultural rights that were recognized to the minorities, in 1944 the education and publishing in Turkish language, was undergoing an expansion.The founders of Turkish literature in the Republic of Macedonia, who are the founders of the children’s short stories in Turkish language in the Republic of Macedonia, as well, are Hussein Suleiman, Mustafa Karahasan, Sukri Ramo, Necati Zekeriya, Fahri Kaya, Mahmut Kirtali, Sureya Yusuf and Ilhami Emin. They were later joined by other storytellers, that is, the first postwar generation of Turkish writers in the Republic of Macedonia, among who, Rexhep Murat - Bugaric, Esad Bajram and Nusret Diso Ulku.On December 23, 1944, the publishing of the newspaper "Birlik" was initiated, which is the first Turkish newspaper in Macedonia, printed in Latin letters. However, the editor-in-chief of the newspaper was appointed by the state, its costs were also covered by the state and it was issued by the Joint Stock Company Nova Makedonija. Therefore, the newspaper "Birlik" can not be said to be a Turkish newspaper published by the Turks in Macedonia, but a newspaper that was published for the Turks. Despite this important detail, the newspaper still has great credit in strengthening the national consciousness and the ability to hear the voice of Turkish literary writers in Macedonia.