Abstract
Passages with continuous sentences are commonly used for the assessment of reading performance related to visual function, and rehabilitation in optometric practices. Passages created in native languages are crucial for a reliable interpretation in a real scenario. This study aimed to report the development of SAH Reading Passage Compendium (SAHRPC), as a tool for the assessment of reading performance related to visual function. SAHRPC uses the Malay language as the medium of communication. The development of the SAHRPC encompassed three stages: exploratory, confirmatory and prototyping. In the exploratory stage, 300 sentences were extracted from the standard school textbook (in the Malay language) endorsed by the Ministry of Education, Malaysia. The accumulated reading materials were processed based on two deciding factors: continuous sentence structure and predetermined total number of words. A total of 56 passages were constructed with equal readability, based on a simple “5 continuous sentences structure of 50 words” combination. In the confirmatory stage, the 56 passages were verified by normal sighted native Malay speakers. The reading duration was measured using a stopwatch, while the errors were recorded using an audiotape. Reading speed was quantified in words per minute (wpm). Three passages were first eliminated based on the outliers present in the boxplot graph. Eleven passages were further eliminated based on the 10 % highest error and 5 % of the two extreme ends of the reading speed range. The remaining 42 passages with good reliability were randomly compiled into 3 sets of 13 passages. Thirteen passages in each set were randomly sorted into 13 print sizes, ranged from 1.2 logMAR to 0.0 logMAR. The interchangeability of the 3 sets was inspected and confirmed. A prototype was developed and packaged as the SAHRPC, to be used as a tool for the assessment of reading performance related to visual function, and rehabilitation purposes.
Highlights
IntroductionThere are fewer options of reading passages, in comparison with reading charts (Lindner & Grissemann, 1968; Mansfield et al, 1993; Radner et al, 1998; Elliott et al, 2001; Radner et al, 2002; Hahn et al, 2006; Trauzettel-Klosinski & Dietz, 2012; Buari et al, 2014)
This study aimed to report the development of the SAH Reading Passage Compendium (SAHRPC), as a tool for the assessment of reading performance related to visual function
Passages were accumulated from formal textbooks in the Malay language, which was endorsed by the Ministry of Education, Malaysia
Summary
There are fewer options of reading passages, in comparison with reading charts (Lindner & Grissemann, 1968; Mansfield et al, 1993; Radner et al, 1998; Elliott et al, 2001; Radner et al, 2002; Hahn et al, 2006; Trauzettel-Klosinski & Dietz, 2012; Buari et al, 2014). The International Reading Speed Texts (IReST) was designed for a standardised assessment of reading performance (Trauzettel-Klosinski & Dietz, 2012). IReST Study Group adapted the texts into 16 different languages (Arabic, Chinese, English, Finnish, Fench, Hebrew, Italian, Japanese, Dutch, Polish, Portuguese/Brazilian, Swedish, Slovenian, Spanish, Russian and Turkish), verified by the linguists and native speakers of the respective languages, to maintain similar linguistic complexity which was compatible with the original German version (Brussee et al, 2014; Hahn et al, 2006; Messias et al, 2008; Trauzettel-Klosinski & Dietz, 2012). The pattern of the reading performance of a respective language might not be homogenous with other languages, due to the uniqueness of the features and meaning.
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