Abstract
The basic copula bò in Kol, a Narrow Bantu (A80) language, is a descendant of the Proto-Bantu * bá meaning ‘ dwell, be, become.’ However, in addition to this copula, Kol has an additional four copulas : jì, mé, ndé and túg. This paper will discuss how the lexical class ‘ copula’ is defined for Kol, how the semantic space and syntactic functions are divided between these five copulas, and how these copulas have developed. Interestingly, the development paths that led to these innovative copulas in Kol have resulted in other possibilities in neighboring languages (Heath 2003a, b and Beavon 1983, 1991).
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