Abstract
To facilitate applications such as environment detection or disaster monitoring, the development of rapid low cost systems for collecting near real time spatial information is very critical. Rapid spatial information collection has become an emerging trend for remote sensing and mapping applications. In this study, a fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based spatial information acquisition platform that can operate in Ground Control Point (GCP) free environments is developed and evaluated. The proposed UAV based photogrammetric platform has a Direct Georeferencing (DG) module that includes a low cost Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) Inertial Navigation System (INS)/Global Positioning System (GPS) integrated system. The DG module is able to provide GPS single frequency carrier phase measurements for differential processing to obtain sufficient positioning accuracy. All necessary calibration procedures are implemented. Ultimately, a flight test is performed to verify the positioning accuracy in DG mode without using GCPs. The preliminary results of positioning accuracy in DG mode illustrate that horizontal positioning accuracies in the x and y axes are around 5 m at 300 m flight height above the ground. The positioning accuracy of the z axis is below 10 m. Therefore, the proposed platform is relatively safe and inexpensive for collecting critical spatial information for urgent response such as disaster relief and assessment applications where GCPs are not available.
Highlights
With the number of disasters increasing due to climate change, the development of a rapidly deployable and low cost system to collect near real time spatial information has become very critical.the rapid spatial information acquisition capability has become an emerging trend for remote sensing and mapping applications
Owing to the limit of the payload and the impact of side wind affecting the attitude of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), the endlap and sidelap were increased to 80% and 40%, respectively, to insure that the coverage of the stereo pair overlapped completely during the test flight
The performance analysis of Direct Georeferencing (DG) accuracy was performed by comparing DG results with check points with precisely known coordinates
Summary
With the number of disasters increasing due to climate change, the development of a rapidly deployable and low cost system to collect near real time spatial information has become very critical. The rapid spatial information acquisition capability has become an emerging trend for remote sensing and mapping applications. Aerial photogrammetry, in its classical form of film-based optical sensors (analogue) has been widely used for high accuracy mapping applications at all scales and rapid spatial information collection for decades. The film-based optical sensors (analogue) have been replaced by digital imaging sensors. The Flow Charts of Conventional and DG based photogrammetric mapping scenarios Conventional photogrammetry
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