Abstract
The characterisation of alkylphenoxy ethoxylated surfactants has been carried out by normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Non-ionic surfactants have been chromatographed on silica and cyano-propyl bonded-phase columns by gradient elution. The equivalent anionic materials have also been characterised by normal-phase chromatography with an ion-pairing agent. The surfactants investigated contain mixtures of oligomers with chain lengths of up to 20 ethoxylate units, and the methods described enable the ethoxylate oligomers to be separated and quantified to produce the ethoxylate distribution, the average ethoxylate number and the anionic—non-ionic mass ratio. The assignment of ethoxylate number to the oligomers has been made by comparison with standard reference materials, and the use of retention time—ethoxylate number relationships.
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