Abstract
Observing and analyzing runoff process is an important method to study the principle of runoff yield and concentration. However, natural rainfall is random and difficult to monitor the related runoff process timely, so most of the runoff processes analysis is based on the artificial rainfall experiments. In this study, the selected test site is located in Yongnian district, Hebei Province, China. Rainfall volume, rainfall peak, rainfall duration and peak ratio were considered as the key factors of designed rainfall type. Based on regional historical observed rainfall data from 1980 to 2012, the two mainly representative processes which was in flood season and non-flood season respectively, were calculated. The most typical rainfall process in each period was screened through two methods of characteristic frequency distribution. Furthermore, accuracy of rainfall intensity and uniformity of spatial and temporal distribution were selected as the criteria for correcting the artificial rainfall devices. This research is the foundation of the artificial runoff experiment and provide reference to regional climate change research and local water resources assessment.
Highlights
Water resources are the foundation of social development, it is crucial for crop growth, industrial production and lives
Another studies aimed to the principle of runoff yield and concentration on underlying surface[19,20,21], and the corresponding rainfall process was designed according to the test requirements, which is lack of representativeness of regional rainfall characteristics, and unserviceability for the principle searching of runoff yield and concentration of normal rainfall in study area
When the small nozzle and the middle nozzle are in double-open mode, the value of R is 0.08, the accuracy of rainfall intensity is very well
Summary
Water resources are the foundation of social development, it is crucial for crop growth, industrial production and lives. Most of the researches on design rainfall focus on designed rainstorm[2,3,4,5] and the corresponding researches on the temporal and spatial variation of rainstorm[6,7,8] and the design of rainstorm types[9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18] have been rapidly developed, but these were emphasis on the damage influenced by the different rainfall types and ignored the runoff response of underlying surface influenced by normal rainfall Another studies aimed to the principle of runoff yield and concentration on underlying surface[19,20,21], and the corresponding rainfall process was designed according to the test requirements, which is lack of representativeness of regional rainfall characteristics, and unserviceability for the principle searching of runoff yield and concentration of normal rainfall in study area
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