Abstract

Urbanisation and ever-intensified rainstorms exacerbated urban waterlogging in some Chinese cities. In 2013, the Chinese government proposed a nationwide initiative, Sponge City, for managing the flood risk using the nature-based solution (NBS) approach. Pilot projects have been implemented among thirty selected cities, including Wuhan. Because the effectiveness of implementing NBS relies on the participation of the well-informed public, this study aims at identifying the factors affecting the awareness of the public about the Sponge City program. The viewpoint of people in Wuhan on urban floods and the Sponge City initiatives was surveyed among 1600 participants using a face-to-face questionnaire in mostly Wuchang area of Wuhan; more than 900 of them were further interviewed. The majority of participants, though recognising the threats from flooding, were lacking awareness and understanding of the Sponge City initiatives. The Chi-square analyses of association revealed that the level of awareness is affected by education, age and residential time; these demographic factors also affected their interpretation of the direct experiences of the water environment and governmental water management. To optimise communicating the relevant policy to the public, the content and the advertising tools for promoting Sponge City may need to be mindfully customised for targeted demographic groups.

Highlights

  • Environmental perception of the benefits and inconveniences brought by environmental changes may affect the level of support for specific environmental policies

  • Using Wuhan, a megacity in the middle part of the Yangtze River basin, as the case, this study aims to explore the influence of demographic characteristics in Wuhan on the understanding of the flood, the perception of the water management project, mainly the Sponge city project, and the level of the support

  • About 50% of questionnaires were distributed within the territories of universities, colleges, libraries and museums; 28% of the surveys were collected in populated indoor public spaces including railway stations, shopping centres, hospitals or restaurants, 19% in parks and 9% in residential neighbourhoods

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Summary

Introduction

Environmental perception of the benefits and inconveniences brought by environmental changes may affect the level of support for specific environmental policies. Nature-based solutions and low-impact development have been promoted and implemented in Western developed countries (i.e., European Union). This development has been considered progressive and was marked as a paradigm shift of urban water management when it comes to planning [2] in order to deliver multiple benefits, such as improving urban ecosystem services and improving green/blue-green spaces and social wellbeing (via more recreation facilities), other than urban flood control. Residents are involved in such developments in the areas affected. This fits the current wave of environmental governance that encourages public participation

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