Abstract
Taiep rat is a myelin mutant with a progressive motor syndrome characterized by tremor, ataxia, immobility episodes, epilepsy and paralysis of the hindlimbs. Taiep had an initial hypomyelination followed by a progressive demyelination associated with an increased expression of some interleukins and their receptors. The pathology correlated with an increase in nitric oxide activity and lipoperoxidation. In base of the above evidences taiep rat is an appropriate model to study neuroimmune interactions. The aim of this study was to analyze the immune responses in male taiep rats after acute infection with Trichinella spiralis. Our results show that there is an important decrease in the number of intestinal larvae in the taiep rat with respect to Sprague-Dawley control rats. We also found differences in the percentage of innate and adaptive immune cell profile in the mesenteric lymphatic nodes and the spleen that correlated with the demyelination process that took place on taiep subjects. Finally, a clear pro-inflammatory cytokine pattern was seen on infected taiep rats, that could be responsible of the decrement in the number of larvae number. These results sustain the theory that neuroimmune interaction is a fundamental process capable of modulating the immune response, particularly against the parasite Trichinella spiralis in an animal model of progressive demyelination due to tubulinopathy, that could be an important mechanism for the clinical course of autoimmune diseases associated with parasite infection.
Highlights
The interaction of the nervous, endocrine and immune systems is crucial in the maintenance of homeostasis in vertebrates, and it is absolutely vital in mammals [1]
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of progressive demyelination in the taiep rat, on the systemic immune response and its association to the establishment of the gastrointestinal parasite T. spiralis
We addressed the influence of the demyelination of the Central Nervous System (CNS) on the percent of different cell populations at different level of organization, which result in an alteration in the homeostasis of the immune system and lead to changes in the mounted immune response
Summary
The interaction of the nervous, endocrine and immune systems is crucial in the maintenance of homeostasis in vertebrates, and it is absolutely vital in mammals [1]. Efficient communication among these three systems implies the existence of afferent and efferent pathways, constituting a complex feedback system that regulates an adequate response in the case of different immunological insults Alterations of this network trigger pathologies that involve all the system components. All functions require delicate control systems, which will allow adaptation of the organism to different physiological and pathological situations, which will give it a longer life To meet this end, interaction with nervous and endocrine systems it is necessary [3]. The immune response is possibly the only physiological phenomenon in which the amplification of the response is based on cell proliferation and specific transformation of their components [6] This process requires metabolic changes and several growth factors, which makes the immune response dependent on neuroendocrine control [6]
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