The damage effect on the structural capacity of school building columns due to tsunami inundation in Banda Aceh city after 16 years

Bunga Raihanda,Abdullah Abdullah,A Rahman,T Musa,I Rusydy,E Meilianda,Y Idris,Muksin Muksin,E Mas,A Opdyke,A Suppasri,H.A Haridhi

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202234002004

Abstract

The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami caused catastrophic damage to buildings and infrastructure in Banda Aceh. The impact and damage depended on several factors such as the distance of the area from the coast. It was reported that in Banda Aceh, the tsunami wave inundation reached the city center and affected over a third of the population. Due to priority reasons at the time, although the structure was submerged in tsunami inundation, numerous public facilities including school buildings still in use without any proper repair. This study aims to determine the effect of column damage due to the tsunami inundation on the strength of the building. The school building of SMPN 6 Banda Aceh is selected as the case study. Seven analysis cases were carried out to simulate the degradation of the column cross-section caused by tsunami inundation. The reduction of the column cross-section was determined from 5 to 25% with increments of 5%. The analysis results revealed that the decrease in strength has occurred from the case of 5% degradation and the vulnerability started to increase with the increase of degradation level. In the case of 25% degradation, 90% of the structure’s column was at an unsafe level.

Highlights

The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami caused catastrophic damage to buildings and infrastructure in Banda Aceh, the capital city of the Aceh province at the northern tip of the island of Sumatera
In Case 1, the analysis result shows that most of the columns are in a light blue color, indicating that the structure is safe
In Case 2, where the applied earthquake load was updated to the latest SNI, the analysis result shows more columns had turned green, indicating that the capacity of the column was decreased, in other words, the vulnerability level of the column was increased

Summary

Introduction

The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami caused catastrophic damage to buildings and infrastructure in Banda Aceh, the capital city of the Aceh province at the northern tip of the island of Sumatera. It was reported that in Banda Aceh, the tsunami wave inundation reached the city center and affected over a third of the population [1] It includes the deaths of over 45,000 students and 1,870 teachers and damages of 2,065 educational facilities [2]. The building’s structure, in particular the column on the first floor, was submerged in tsunami inundation This condition could decrease the concrete structural strength of the column, which might lead to disrupting the overall strength of the building. This condition affects one of the disaster risks factors [3], namely vulnerability (V)

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Conclusion