Abstract
The city of Banda Aceh is an area located between two active faults, namely, the Aceh segment and the Seulimuem fault. In 2004, an earthquake measuring 9.3 on the Richter Scale rocked the city of Banda Aceh, followed by a tsunami on the Burma Plate. As a result, almost all school buildings were damaged. This study aims to determine the vulnerability of school buildings in Banda Aceh City to earthquake and tsunami hazards from the capacity of the building structure, so that the level of damage is obtained from the developed fragility curve. The object of this research is a typical three-story reinforced concrete school building, namely the private school of Budi Dharma and the national school of SD Negeri 50 in Banda Aceh City. The research was conducted by means of a field survey to collect data on the structure of the school building. The data consists of building data, material quality and building dimensions. Then the loadings are inputted into the SAP2000 program in the form of dead loads, live loads, earthquake loads consisting of the USGS earthquake recording and an estimated map of the Indonesian earthquake, and tsunami loads in 2017. Then pushover analysis was used to get the level of damage from the capacity curve to see the probability percentage comparison. In addition, the large value of Sa is equal to the percentage of probability as the level of damage to the building which was influenced by the building of the private school of Budi Dharma that was established before the tsunami on December 26, 2004. We concluded that the greater the value of the height of the tsunami inundation is equal to the level of light, medium, heavy and total damage, at the building of the national school of SD Negeri 50, Banda Aceh as the value of the deviation between the floors of the building from the tsunami load.
Highlights
Indonesian, especially Aceh Province, has a history of earthquakes due to the presence of two active faults, namely Aceh and Seulimuem segments
The largest recorded displacement in the x direction in the Sekolah Budi Dharma building for the USGS earthquake record is found in combination 14 at joint 96 of 0.060599 m and the y direction is found in combination 6 at joint 119 of 0.272601 m, for the estimated Indonesia earthquake map 2017 is found in combination 4 at joint 108 of 0.22029 m and the y direction is found in combination 6 at joint 119 of 0.306956 m
While the SD Negeri 50 building for USGS earthquake records is found in combination 12 at joint 151 of 0.075015 m and the y direction is found in combination 6 at joint 137 is 0.064917 m, for the estimated Indonesia earthquake map 2017 is found in combination 12 at joint 151 of 0.039657 m and the y direction is found in combination 6 at joint 160 of 0.162109 m
Summary
Indonesian, especially Aceh Province, has a history of earthquakes due to the presence of two active faults, namely Aceh and Seulimuem segments. In 2004, an extreme earthquake measuring 9.3 on the Richter Scale rocked the city of Banda Aceh which occurred under the sea, when the Indian Plate was pushed down by the Burma Plate and was followed by a series of tsunamis. The impact of this disaster was quite significant, almost all structural and infrastructure buildings, public facilities, and other buildings were damaged. It is very important to estimate the vulnerability of school buildings against earthquakes and tsunamis because school buildings carry a high average living load. The design of buildings in earthquake-prone areas must adhere to earthquake and tsunami standards
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