The crucial features of aggregation in TiO2-water nanofluid aligned of chemically comprising microorganisms: A FEM approach

Abstract

The main objective of this investigation is to reveal the effects of nanoparticle aggregation aligned to thermal radiation with the prescribed heat flux. The Cattaneo–Christov heat flux (non-Fourier) and mass flux (non-Fick's) approaches in the optimized Buongiorno's model have been used to analyze the nanofluid magneto-transport mechanisms over the surface impacted by the gyrotactic behavior of microbe dispersion. The partial differentials are transformed into the set of nonlinear differential equations through boundary layer estimations and similarity substitutions, then computed by applying a variational finite element strategy. Researchers are looking into tiny nanoparticles because they have amazing properties, such as excellent thermal conduction, which are needed in advanced nanotechnology, heat exchangers, materials engineering, and technologies. The significance of this extensive study is to enhance the heat transition. Various aspects of the aggregation parameters on nanofluid velocity and temperature patterns are investigated and visually illustrated concerning the involved physical parameters. The effect of nanoparticle aggregation on the boundary is descending by the including parameters causes an increment in heat transfer rate. A significant correlation has been observed between the sets of results, which represents the accuracy of the finite element method used herein. The computations have been done by reducing the size of the mesh so that the numerical analysis can be used to ascertain convergence in the results.