The coral reefs of the Dominican Republic

Abstract

This chapter explores the coral reefs of Dominican Republic. Dominicans, in general, recognize the importance of coral reefs as they provide safe ports, shelter and habitat for biodiversity, food, and beaches. The reef setting in this region varies depending on the location and distance form the numerous river discharges. The coral coverage reflects not only natural causes, but also anthropogenic impacts. Sedimentation along the coast has increased, and has become a threat to reef growth. It is occurring on 1/3rd of the coastline, and is now reaching reef sites such as Juan Dolio and Barahona. Coral bleaching is found mainly on areas near urban development. Also, the reef tracks near urban development are more impacted by habitat degradation because of physical damage and the nearby sources of pollution transported by currents. Non-adequate beach use in some tourist centers have caused reef degradation in the past, thus inducing the tourism sector to become involved in reef conservation. The main problem that reefs are facing is the overfishing of several essential species such as Strombus sp., Panulirus sp., and fishes of the Serranidae, Lutjanidae, and Scaridae families. Several non-official institutions as well as the recently created Secretaria de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources) have programs for the conservation of marine and coastal habitats, communities and species.