The convergence of nanotechnology‐stem cell, nanotopography‐mechanobiology, and biotic‐abiotic interfaces: Nanoscale tools for tackling the top killer, arteriosclerosis, strokes, and heart attacks

Abstract

AbstractThe nanotechnology‐stem cell has enabled the engineering of nanotopographical surfaces for mimicking the topological features of nano‐stem cell interfaces and stem cell niches. The nanotechnology‐stem cell, an abiotic–biotic model, the impact of the multi‐functional materials underlying support on nanomaterials interactions with stem cells plays a significant role in the development of the nanoscale tools for tracking the top killer, arteriosclerosis, strokes, and heart attacks. The biomimetic topographical surfaces, employed in cell mechanobiology (cell adhesions, migrations, and differentiation) and tissue engineering. The conformational features of the scaffold (ridges, grooves, whorls, pits, and pores, and symmetry) alter stem cell behavior and differentiation. Biomedical engineering is offering promises and explaining how the convergence of nanotechnology and stem cells has emerged as novel therapeutics. The analysis of mechanotransduction and tissue engineering is the key factor, which altogether influence the stem cell niche, can be considered for originating nanno‐stem cell interface, and a useful remedy for treating cardiovascular diseases. The Hippo pathway underlined the signaling cascade responsible for inhibiting cell proliferation. Notch signaling is a key pathway that regulates the modulation of cardiomyocyte survival, cardiac stem cell differentiation. The Wnt/β‐catenin signaling involved in chronic infusion of angiotensin II (Ang II), cardiomyocytes, and cardiac fibroblasts.