Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the control of the rate of initiation of eukaryotic protein synthesis. Control of the rate of initiation of protein synthesis is manifested at many different occasions during the lifetime of an average eukaryotic cell. During the cell cycle, there is no initiation of protein synthesis in mitosis. In the late S phase and in G2 phase, a gradual diminishing of initiation occurs. Under physiological stress—such as serum deprivation, amino-acid starvation, and hyperthermic treatment—the initiation rate is lowered substantially. The model for the control of the rate of initiation implies that when a complex is formed between eIF-2 and eRF, a high rate of initiation is achieved, whereas conditions that impair complex formation inevitably cause a low initiation rate. Reduced eIF-2 displays a much higher activity in lysate systems than oxidized eIF-2.
Published Version
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