The Contribution Percentage of Some Biomechanical Variables to the First 10 Meters in the Achievement of Men's 100-Meter Sprint

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the contribution percentage of certain variables to the technical performance of the 100-meter sprint. To achieve this goal, the researcher filmed the runners during the competition period using two motion analysis cameras operating at a speed of 120 frames per second. The research population comprised (45) attempts taken from 9 runners, with (5) attempts for each runner who participated in the second round of the Iraq Clubs Championship in Al-Jadriya on 3/3/2023. The researcher hypothesized that there is variability in the contribution percentages of the biomechanical variables to performance. The researcher identified 12 biomechanical variables after reviewing numerous scientific sources and considering the opinions of experts and specialists in this field. Relevant specific tests were conducted, and after the motion analysis, the researcher used correlational relationships to determine which variables contributed most significantly to the performance. Several conclusions were reached, including that the variables (acceleration in the first 10 meters, average speed for 10 meters, and time for the first 10 meters) achieved the highest correlation with performance, registering values of -0.698, -0.626, and -0.623, respectively. The acceleration for the first 10 meters is identified as the most influential independent biomechanical variable in performance, with a contribution percentage of 0.994. Increasing variables such as contact time, step frequency, and reaction time enhance performance. The researcher suggests prioritizing training to develop these biomechanical variables with the highest impact on performance and incorporating study findings into training programs to address weaknesses in both physical and technical aspects.