The contribution of TOPEX/POSEIDON to the global monitoring of climatically sensitive lakes

Abstract

Remote sensing and long‐term monitoring of closed and climatically sensitive open lakes can provide useful information for the study of climatic change. Satellite radar altimetry offers the advantages of day/night and all‐weather capability in the production of relative lake level changes on a global scale. A simple technique which derives relative lake level changes is described with specific relevance to the TOPEX/POSEIDON geophysical data record data set. An assessment of the coverage and global tracking performance of both the NASA radar altimeter and the solid state altimeter over these lakes is discussed, and results are presented for the first 1.75 years of the mission. Lake level time series were acquired for 12 closed lakes, six open lakes, and three reservoirs, providing information in many cases where ground gauge data are unobtainable or the lake is inaccessible. The results, accurate to ∼4 cm rms, mark the beginning of a very accurate lake level data set, showing that TOPEX/POSEIDON can successfully contribute to the long‐term global program.