The contribution of professor G. I. Turner in pediatric orthopedics and clinical surgery (160th anniversary of birth)

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The article is devoted to the multifarious activities of Genrikh Ivanovich Turner (1858–1941). It is noted that originally G.I. Turner was interested in problems abstracted from orthopedics: acute purulent processes in the right iliac fossa, etc. In 1895, Turner was appointed Professor of the Department of Desmurgy and Mechanics of the Military Medical Academy. He revived the teaching of the subject and transmitted it into “broad practical soil”. Genrikh Ivanovich Turner became one of the founders of the Russian orthopedics, the organizer and the head (since 1900) of the first in Russia department and clinic of orthopedics. G.I. Turner gave a lot of power and energy to render assistance to sick children suffering from physical disabilities, restore the working capacity of children with disabilities. For many years he was in charge of the orphanage in St. Petersburg, which was transformed into the G.I. Turner Research Institute of Child Disability in 1932. This institution became an organizational and methodological center for combating child disability in the Soviet Union. Genrikh Ivanovich was the first in Russia, who raised his voice in favor of the disabled child, pointed out the need to provide systematic state assistance to disabled children with diseases of the musculoskeletal system.