Abstract
The effect of different cultivation methods on the content of ganoderic acids of 7 species, 10 strains of the Ganoderma genus (Ganoderma applanatum 1899; Ganoderma сarnosum 2502; Ganoderma lucidum 1904; Ganoderma resinaceum 2477, 2503; Ganoderma sinense 2516; Ganoderma tsugae 1848, 2024, 2566, Ganoderma oregonense 2560) genus fungi from the IBK Mushroom Culture Collection M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine was investigated. It has been shown that the submerged cultivation method is more efficient for the accumulation of ganoderic acids for five strains. In the mycelium of the strain G. sinense 2516 was the highest content of ganoderic acids – 25.2 ± 1.5 mg / g. The productivity (yeld) of ganoderic acids synthesis is much higher with using the submerged culture cultivation method for mycelium of all used species and strains since the use of this method provides the accumulation of much more biomass in comparison with the static liquid cultivation method. The highest yield amount of ganoderic acids was in the mycelium of the G. tsugae 2024 and G. tsugae 2566 species, namely: 0.35 ± 0.019 and 0.36 ± 0.028 g / l. It was proved that the modified extraction method significantly reduces the extraction time of ganoderic acids. Extraction time is reduced from 14 to 2 days. For the G. sinense 2516 and G. tsugae 2024 strains was determined content of the ganoderic acids and their yield in dynamics of grows in the submerged culture on 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 day of cultivation. The highest amount of the ganoderic acids content was accumulated by the mycelium of the strain G. sinense 2516 – it was 26.4 ± 1.5 mg / g on the 14th day of cultivation. The highest yield of the ganoderic acids was in G. sinense 2516 on 14th day, and G. tsugae 2024 mycelium on the 16th day of cultivation with the next numbers 0.6 ± 0.031, 0.62 ± 0.033 and 0.62 ± 0.027 g/l.
Highlights
When comparing the amount of Ganoderic acids (GAs) in mycelium of different species and strains of Ganoderma fungi in different cultivation conditions, the higher concentrations were generally observed while using submerged cultivation methods (Fig. 1)
Mycelia of G. tsugae 2024, 2566, G. applanatum 1899, and G. lucidum 1904 grown by submerged cultivation had significantly higher amounts of GAs those grown under static liquid conditions (Fig. 1)
It was found that the submerged cultivation method has an advantage over the static cultivation method in terms of GAs accumulation parameter for 5 out of 10 studied strains and species
Summary
Is a genus of polypore fungi, growing on different types of both conifers and deciduous trees. Species of Ganoderma are well-known for their medicinal effects, and in Asian countries they have been used in traditional medicine for over 2000 years [1]. Antiviral (including HIV), anti-inflammatory, antihistamine activity [6, 7]. Such properties make these substances promising for medical and pharmaceutical applications. As a source of ganoderic acids, while other species have not been sufficiently studied [8]. The study of ganoderic acids from different species and strains of Ganoderma and the effect of cultivation conditions on their amount in the fungal biomass is promising and necessary
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