The Conservation of Heat Losses from Pipes and Boilers

Abstract

Abstract Every means of accomplishing a saving in the consumption of coal is of great present importance. One of the most important means is the use of the proper heat insulation for steam pipes and boilers as well as all other heated surfaces. This paper presents the results of a series of experiments made at the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research on 85 per cent magnesia coverings. The methods of measurement of the losses from bare and covered pipes are described and a general method for the calculation of the losses from covered surfaces is developed. The effect of the various factors of steam temperature, cost of coal, and size of pipe on the economic side of the problem is worked out and tables are given showing the proper thickness of covering to use under all conditions. The effects of air currents on heat losses have been studied and tests have also been made to determine the permanence of the original heat-insulating qualities in service. Several large-scale experiments have been made on practical installations to check up the results of the laboratory experiments under actual conditions. Tables showing the saving in coal or money which is accomplished by the use of coverings are presented.