The condition of nasal cavity microflora in polypous rhinosinusitis

Abstract

Nowadays chronic polypous rhinosinusitis is one of the common diseases. Thus, the index of medical aid appealability for polypous rhinosinusitises constitutes 3.7 through 5.8 per 10,000 people. For a number reasons the study of the oral cavity microbiota using bacteriological methods under the conditions of clinical bacteriological laboratory is seriously complicated or absolutely impossible. There occurs a need for implementation of new express-methods for patient’s infective status diagnostics. The method of microbial markers mass-spectrometry (MMMS) makes it possible to identify а range of the dominating microorganisms (more than 104 cells in a sample) by molecular marker – cellular higher fatty acids, aldehydes and sterols. Objective: To study the range of nasal cavity microflora in patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis using the method of gas-chromatography mass spectrometric analysis of detecting bacteria molecular markers. The results of analysis of microbial community of patients (n = 35) in comparison with healthy donors (n = 10) presented a systematic clinically significant (more than 10 times exceeding the norm) growth of bacteria of mainly 2 taxons, namely anaerobic species Eubacterium/Clostridium, Propionibacterium freundenreihii/ Cl. Subterminale, herpes viruses and other microorganisms. The increase of opportunistic Enterobacteriacea bacteria representation on the nose mucous membrane in PRS signifies dysbiotic changes and their undoubted role in development of inflammatory process. Simultaneous stable suppression of Lactobacilli growth has also been noticed. Concentration of other microorganism group markers does not exceed the average pharynx mucous colonization level in donors. Here belong the representatives of the species of Staphylococcus, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Corynebacteria, Pseudonocardia, Stenothrophomonas and others. There is scarce amount of microscopic fungi (not Candida) – mold, dermatophytes and others – in patients. Based on MMMS data obtained in this work we can assume that infection dominants – Clostridia, Eubacteria, other anaerobic bacteria are unreceptive to the prescribed preparations. On the contrary, suppression of minor component of infection – Staphylococci, Streptococci, non-pathogenic Neisseria – stimulated the competitive development of non-cultivated main group of microbial agents. The performed assessment of microflora of patients with polypous rhinosinusitis presented the wide range of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, and total amount of such microorganisms exceeds the norm accepted for healthy people of central Russia. Therefore, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method makes it possible to study the species composition of the microorganisms populating human microbiocenoses of various biosubstrates.