The concept of “Robot as a service” in warehousing logistics and prospects for its development in Russia

Abstract

Aim. To present an overview of the “Robot as a Service” concept in the context of robotization, to conduct an analytical study in the process of comparing the traditional robotization model and RaaS model, as well as to assess the potential of a technology corporation in the development of RaaS solutions for various sectors and subjects of the economy.Objectives. To assess the dynamics of e-commerce, warehouse logistics and their interdependence through the prism of digital transformation; to investigate the evolutionary emergence of the business model “As a Service”, including in relation to robotization; to compare the traditional model of robotization and RaaS model in terms of advantages, limitations and potential business scenarios; to analyze the practical relevance of implementing RaaS solutions for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and non-technology corporations.Methods. The methodological basis of the study was the analysis of professional and academic literature. Empirical analysis, expressed in the assessment of practical relevance of RaaS-concept, was carried out on the basis of reported data on the projects implemented in the industry.Results. In the era of e-commerce, robotization of warehouse logistics shows significant potential to improve efficiency. The implementation of robotic solutions is a challenge due to the high initial investment, which becomes particularly sensitive for SMEs. The RaaS concept is evolutionary in nature and provides an opportunity to grow their business more proactively by robotizing warehouse processes, and offers prospects for a new business segment to technology corporations as a RaaS service provider.Conclusions. The RaaS model is more competitive than the traditional robotization model, especially in the context of SMEs and non-technological representatives of medium and large businesses. Technology corporations with their own robotization division can not only use their robots independently, but also develop as a RaaS service provider. Both SMEs and large businesses can be users of this service. The spread of robotization will have a significant impact on the level of innovative development and, as a consequence, on the efficiency of activities in general. The study confirms the relevance and prospects of the RaaS concept in the field of warehouse logistics, as well as suggests a potential provider of RaaS services in Russia.