Abstract
In spite of a growing number of contemporary publications in the field of political philosophy that are dedicated to the concept of honor and to it’s analysis, there still is a lack of a systemic presentation of the conceptual field of honor itself. Political theorists and philosophers that treat the subject of honor state out their definitions of honor and compare them with one another, yet a general overview of the competing definitions and their critical comparison is still a rarety. A systemic presentation of all prominent contemporary philosophical studies that treat the concept of honor is useful in two ways. It facilitates the understanding of the main arguments that determine different definitions of honor, as well as it identifies major polemical issues that set the diferent concepts of honor apart. This article suggests two main arguments – a critical and an adaptational – for interpreting and comparing the different concepts of honor in contemporary political philosophy. Structuring the conceptual field of honor with these two arguments offers an analytic tool for further analyses of honor that are based on concrete polemical issues. It also gives a new perspective to explain the reemergence of honor in contemporary political philosophy.
Highlights
Philosophical studies that treat the concept of honor is useful in two ways
In spite of a growing number of contemporary publications in the field of political philosophy that are dedicated to the concept of honor and to it’s analysis, there still is a lack of a systemic presentation of the conceptual field of honor itself
It facilitates the understanding of the main arguments that determine different definitions of honor, as well as it identifies major polemical issues that set the diferent concepts of honor apart
Summary
Kritinio ir adaptacinio argumentų naudojimas šiame straipsnyje yra grįstas šiuolaikinių teoretikų sampratose daroma skirtimi tarp individualaus ir socialinio garbės lygmenų. Pasak kurios, – tai kolektyvistinė metasąvoka, kuri gali būti politiškai naudinga ir be sintezės su demokratijos principais, – dabartinių teoretikų tekstuose nėra vertinama rimtai. Pasak Schopenhauerio, garbė objektyviąja prasme – tai aplinkinių nuomonė apie mūsų vertę; o subjektyviąja prasme – tai mūsų nerimas dėl tos nuomonės. Adaptacinis argumentas šiuolaikinių autorių tekstuose iškyla kaip reakcija į kritinį argumentą ir jo išvadą apie garbės sąvokos neaktualumą dabartinei politinei teorijai. Garbė turi būti adaptuota demokratinei istorinei situacijai (taip atsakant į kritinį argumentą), bet ne delegitimuota ar pakeista kitomis sąvokomis (tokiomis kaip orumas ar teisė). 2. Demokratijai adaptuota garbės sąvoka yra naudinga, nes pagrindžia nerepresinių socialinių hierarchijų, kurios yra būtinos net egalitarinėje visuomenėje, reikalingumą. Toliau pristatant ir palyginant šiuolaikinius garbę tiriančių autorių tekstus bus nubrėžti konceptualūs garbės sąvokos tyrimų lauko kontūrai
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