Abstract
The present paper is designed to compare the distribution of digoxin administered through an Intravenous (i.v.) and Oral (p.o.) in central and peripheral compartments. The model under consideration is denoted by a system of three non-linear ordinary differential equations. The Eigenvalue and the Laplace transform methods were used to solve the system of equations. In this model, digoxin was administered to three subjects through i.v. and three subjects through p.o. then, the serum concentrations were measured over a period of 6 h. The transfer coefficients were obtained from digoxin concentrations using the method of residuals and the variation of digoxin concentration–time curves plotted using MATLAB. In this model, we consider excretion is only from the peripheral compartment.
Highlights
Explanation of the simplest pharmacokinetic model in accordance with data observed for human drug adaptation is a necessary step for a full understanding of distribution, elimination, activity and drug toxicity
We develop a two-compartment model and consider digoxin drug administration through oral (p.o.) and intravenous (i.v) to four volunteers
Kramer et al considered a two-compartmental model with excretion from the central compartment and describes the time course of drug concentration in the central compartment model after an intravenous injection, whereas the authors considered excretion from the peripheral compartment for both the oral and intravenous injection
Summary
Explanation of the simplest pharmacokinetic model in accordance with data observed for human drug adaptation is a necessary step for a full understanding of distribution, elimination, activity and drug toxicity This is becoming increasingly important with drugs that have a low therapeutic index and serious side effects such as the cardiac glycoside digoxin. The rate constant can be obtained from the slope (−(λ2/2.3)) of a straight line representing the terminal exponential phase or λ2 phase is extrapolated to the y-axis; the y intercept is equal to B. values from the extrapolated line are subtracted from the original experimental data points and a straight line is obtained This line represents the rapidly distributed λ1 phase or the residual plasma concentration against time. A number of pharmacokinetic parameters derived by using rate constants λ1 and λ2 and y intercepts A and B
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