Abstract
Problem statement: The aim of this research is to investigate the fire evacuation problem from the student dormitory by using the Numerical method. The Fire Dynamics Simulator Software was used in the research with the evacuation function (FDS + Evac.). The problem under investigation concerns the building that has the open-air centre. The characteristics of the building are included with 5 floors, 2 open-air fire escape stairs located at 2 sides of the building. In addition, there is a single exit to the outside of the building and the sprinkler system is not installed inside the building. Approach: The simulation was designed to study the problem that has a source of fire occurring at the room closed to the open-air stair. The stairs will be severely affected by the smoke. The experimentation's are composed of 4 cases, which are (1) the first case assumes the true size of the door is 1 m (2) the second case assumes the true size of the door is 1 m and the smoke barrier is installed at the beam located before the stair entrance (3) the third case assumes the true size of the door is 2 m and (4) the fourth case assumes the true size of the door is 2 m and the smoke barrier is installed. Results: The results are shown that the escape time from the building with the 1 m door is 465 sec and the 2 m door is 265 sec. The time differentiation between the 1 m door and the 2 m door is 200 sec. The reason is the waiting occurred at the entrance if the smoke barrier is not installed. In this case, the smoke in the stairs without a smoke barrier installation has more than the smoke in case if the smoke barrier is installed. However, this research collected the data of the gas volume and found that the gas volume is not yet harmful to human life but the gas can be an obstacle to evacuation in the building that has an open-air centre. Conclusion: For safety reasons, the building’s user should improve the door size and install the smoke barrier at 2 sides of the stairs for all floors to increase the evacuation ability.
Highlights
Where: The fire evacuation is a necessary activity when the severe situations are occurred, for examples, the earthquake, the gas leaks, the hostage and the explosion.Tp = The perception time to fire situation Ta = The action time to fire situation Trs = The travel time to a safe placeThe escape time depends on various criteria, which areThe evacuation simulation software has an ability the characteristics of the building’s user, the to calculate an escape time
Other factors that relating to the ability of fire evacuation have to be tested and measured. travel time are included in the software, which are the Explained the equation of escape time (Tescape) as population size, the evacuation speed, the density of shown in Eq 1 in which the 3 components are people, the door width, the evacuation route, the included: distance to the safe place, the building shape, the behavior and the familiar to the place and the toxic
Using evacuation simulation software is recommended to be a choice to investigate either potentials or flaws of the evacuation area
Summary
Where: The fire evacuation is a necessary activity when the severe situations are occurred, for examples, the earthquake, the gas leaks, the hostage and the explosion. The evacuation simulation software has an ability the characteristics of the building’s user, the to calculate an escape time. Even though the building is well perception of evacuation time is included in the designed, the activities such as the efficiency and the software. Travel time are included in the software, which are the Explained the equation of escape time (Tescape) as population size, the evacuation speed, the density of shown in Eq 1 in which the 3 components are people, the door width, the evacuation route, the included: distance to the safe place, the building shape, the behavior and the familiar to the place and the toxic. The software is limited to calculate the action time and the perception time. A lot of researchers contributed to the evacuation and numerical simulation such as, Ma and Quintiere (2003); Xin et al (2005). Zhang et al (2007); Lin and Chuah (2008); Roh et al (2009); Qin et al (2009); Mouilleau and Champassith (2009); Merry et al (2009); Zahim et al (2009); Momani (2010); Majee and Roy (2010); Yang et al (2011); ZhiXiang et al (2011) and Jahn et al (2011)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
