The comprehensive review of practical approaches of woe separation based on magnetic impact

Abstract

The article presents an analytical review of magnetic oil treatment, which is an innovative method for preventing complications such as wax deposits and high viscosity of oil. It is concluded that the magnetic treatment of oil is associated with a change in the electrospin state and the evolution of radical pairs of asphaltenes, which are complex with ferromagnetic particles. This leads to an increase in intrinsic magnetic moments, structural rearrangement of supramolecular asphaltene structures and a change in the rheological parameters of oil. The destruction of the «armor shell» occurs due to the influence of the magnetic field on these complexes, which leads to the prevention of the formation of wax and salt deposits and the acceleration of water coagulation processes. The factors of effective magnetic treatment are oils with a high content of iron compounds, salt ions. The effective parameters of magnetic processing are generalized: high values of magnetic induction (up to 1 T), pulse repetition frequency from 5 to 30 Hz. The main advantages and disadvantages of permanent and alternating magnetic field devices are analyzed. A review of the results of industrial and laboratory studies on magnetic oil treatment is carried out. The maximum efficiency in reducing viscosity is 375%, reducing the deposition rate of paraffin is 87.5%, reducing the mass of wax deposits is 50%, reducing the corrosion rate is 45%. Keywords: magnetic treatment of crude oil; influence magnetic field on the oil; wax deposits; high-viscosity oil; heavy oil.