Abstract
The genus Lancea is native to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and consists of two species, Lancea tibetica Hook. f. et Thoms. and Lancea hirsuta Bonati. Here, we report the complete sequences of the chloroplast genomes of L. tibetica and L. hirsuta, which were 153,665 and 154,045 bp in length, respectively, and each included a pair of inverted repeated regions (25,624 and 25,838 bp in length, respectively) that were separated by a large single copy region (84,401 and 84,588 bp in length, respectively) and a smaller single copy region (18,016 and 17,781 bp in length, respectively). A total of 106 genes in L. tibetica and 105 in L. hirsuta comprised 79 protein-coding genes, and 4 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, as well as 23 and 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes in L. tibetica and L. hirsuta, respectively. The gene order, content, and orientation of the two Lancea chloroplast genomes exhibited high similarity. A large number of informative repetitive sequences, including SSRs, were observed in both genomes. Comparisons of the genomes with those of three other Lamiales species revealed 12 highly divergent regions in the intergenic spacers and in the matK, rpoA, rps19, ndhF, ccsA, ndhD, and ycf1 coding regions. A phylogenomic analysis suggested that Lancea forms a monophyletic group that is closely related to the clade composed of the families Phrymaceae, Paulowniaceae, and Rehmanniaceae.
Highlights
Chloroplasts, which originated from ancient endosymbiotic cyanobacteria, are specialized photosynthetic organelles for photosynthesis and carbon fixation as well as fatty acid synthesis, amino acid synthesis, and the immune response in plants [1]
We report the complete chloroplast genomes of L. tibetica and L. hirsuta, which were derived using next-generation sequencing
L. tibetica was sampled from a single plant collected in Qumalai (96◦ 340 38.800 E, 33◦ 580 03.100 N, Qinghai, China), while a single sample of L. hirsuta was collected from Zaduo (95◦ 000 1600 E, 32◦ 510 5100 N, Qinghai, China)
Summary
Chloroplasts, which originated from ancient endosymbiotic cyanobacteria, are specialized photosynthetic organelles for photosynthesis and carbon fixation as well as fatty acid synthesis, amino acid synthesis, and the immune response in plants [1]. Chloroplasts possess their own genomes and genetic systems. Lots of fragments from chloroplast genomes such as rbcL and matK have been widely used in plant systematics research due to its maternal inheritance and highly conserved structures [3]. With the reduction of sequencing cost, the complete chloroplast genome sequences are becoming an increasingly used and effective tool in the study of plant phylogenetic classification, molecular identification and genetic diversity [4]. The comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes is especially useful for inferring new and important insights to resolve many enigmatic phylogenetic relationships for their relatively stable genome structure, gene content, and gene order
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