Abstract
Objective: To compare the best gingival depigmentation technique toward the recurrence of gingival hyperpigmentation. Methods: PubMed and Wiley Online Library were conducted to identify articles from January 2013 to November 2018 about the techniques of depigmentation gingiva in patient with gingiva hyperpigmentation. After the selection of articles, 121 articles were obtained but only 3 articles meet the requirements. Dummett oral pigmentation index (DOPI) and Hedin melanin index (HMI) were used to compare the techniques of gingival depigmentation. Results: The clinical parameters have shown reduction of the pigmentation from a patient, in 1, 3 and 6 months. In the second article showed the DOPI only in baseline and 6 months. In third article showedthe DOPI only in baseline and 1 month. Conclusion: The conventional surgical technique eliminates all the hyperpigmentation and showed the less recurrence.
Highlights
The firstclinical finding on gingiva when looked at the first sight is colour.The colour ofgingiva in normal condition usually range from coral pink, pale pink to deep red, or can be performed pale pink to a deep bluish purple
Gingival hyperpigmentation is the condition on gingiva that especially caused by excessive melanin depositionbymelanocytesmainly located in the basal and suprabasal cell layers of the epithelium
Gingival hyperpigmentation is the condition in gingiva that enhancing pigmentation from normal, especially caused by excessive melanin deposition by melanocytes mainly located in the basal and suprabasal cell layers of the epithelium
Summary
The firstclinical finding on gingiva when looked at the first sight is colour.The colour ofgingiva in normal condition usually range from coral pink, pale pink to deep red, or can be performed pale pink to a deep bluish purple. Gingival hyperpigmentation is the condition on gingiva that especially caused by excessive melanin depositionbymelanocytesmainly located in the basal and suprabasal cell layers of the epithelium. This conditioncanaffectpeople inalldifferentethnicand make them complain about the colour. According to the amounts of melanin in the epithelium, the colour can be pink coral change to brown, dark brown, to black and blue colours of the gingiva while smiling or talking, and it make so uneshthetic.[2,3,7,8,9] Depigmentation treatment in gingival hyperpigmentation has several techniques, including using laser techniques, conventional scalpel techniques, abrasion techniques using burs, combination techniques namely conventional and bur scalpel, gingivectomy, cryosurgical, electrosurgery, etc.[10]
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