The Comparison of Fatty Acid Composition and Lipid Quality Indices of Roach, Perch, and Pike of Lake Gusinoe (Western Transbaikalia).

Selmeg V Bazarsadueva,Valentina G Shiretorova,Elena P Dylenova,Larisa D Radnaeva

doi:10.3390/ijerph18179032

Selmeg V Bazarsadueva, Valentina G Shiretorova + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179032

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Abstract

This paper describes the study of the fatty acid (FA) composition of three fish species (roach, perch, and pike) from Lake Gusinoe (western Transbaikalia). Using principal component analysis, the fatty acid composition of the studied fish species was shown to be species specific. The muscle tissue of roach, perch, and pike was found to contain high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including essential docosahexaenoic (DHA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), and arachidonic acids. Indicators of nutritional quality based on the fatty acid composition showed that the values of the hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic (HH) ratio indices were sufficiently high. The atherogenicity (AI) and thrombogenicity (TI) indices, which are indicators for the nutritional value, were less than 1 in the studied fish. In terms of flesh lipid quality (FLQ), pike and perch had the highest proportion of total EPA + DHA. According to the obtained data for the composition of fatty acids in the muscle tissue of the studied fish from Lake Gusinoe, the anthropogenic load exerted on Lake Gusinoe has not yet statistically significantly affected the fish muscle quality.

Highlights

Lake Gusinoe is the largest freshwater lake among all water bodies in the Transbaikal region and one of the most important in terms of the intensity of water utilization for fish husbandry
A total of 37 fatty acids were found in the muscle tissue of the studied fish species
The fatty acid composition of the studied fish species is species specific, which was shown by principal component analysis

Summary

Introduction

Lake Gusinoe is the largest freshwater lake among all water bodies in the Transbaikal region and one of the most important in terms of the intensity of water utilization for fish husbandry. It is a valuable fishery reservoir where current fish gross production is estimated to be around 250–350 tons per year [1]. According to recent long-term studies, 15 fish species are currently inhabiting Lake Gusinoe [1]. An increase in the chemical pollution of Lake Gusinoe was found to have occurred in Mass death of perch and an ulcerative disease of pike were determined to have occurred in 1974 [2,3,4].

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