The Comparison Effect between Metformin, Turmeric Extract, and its Combination on Blood Sugar, Mda, and 8-OHdG Levels (Experimental Study in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide-Induced Type 2 DM Wistar Male Rats)

Abstract

Patients with type 2 DM experience excessive oxidative stress, resulting in hyperglycemia, and increased lipid and DNA modifications. Interaction of bilayer lipids with reactive oxygen produces lipid peroxidases, forming the end product malondialdehyde (MDA). DNA damage is identified by an increase in 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Curcumin compounds in turmeric extract can inhibit the increase of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). This study aims to prove the different effects of metformin, turmeric extract, and the combination of metformin and turmeric extract on blood sugar levels, MDA, and 8-OHdG in male rats (Wistar strain) induced by Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide. This study is experimental with a post-test-only control group design. The research subjects were 24 Wistar rats and were randomly divided into four groups and induced with Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide. KI is the negative control group, KII was given Metformin 45mg/KgBW/day, KIII group was given a Turmeric extract dose of 200mg/KgBW/day, and KIV was given a combination of turmeric extract dose of 100mg/KgBW/day and Metformin 22.5mg/KgBW/day for 14 days. Blood samples in the ophthalmic vein were taken for blood sugar, MDA, and 8-OHdG examination. The decrease in blood sugar, MDA, and 8-OHdG levels in the KIV group was found to be the lowest, followed by KIII, KII, and KI. One Way Anova test on blood sugar levels, MDA, 8-OHdG showed significant differences between groups with a p-value ≤ 0.000. The administration of a combination of metformin and turmeric extract can reduce blood sugar, MDA, and 8-OHdG levels compared with a single dose of Metformin or Turmeric extract.