Abstract
The electrical performance of outdoor insulation degrades severely during combinations of factors that include surface contamination, ice, fog and an ambient temperature that rises through 0/spl deg/C (T(0/spl deg/)). Failures at operating voltage on 115 kV, 230 kV and 500 kV power systems occur with increasing probability under those conditions. A new CFT(0/spl deg/) or cold-fog test method has been developed to reproduce the flashovers at all three voltage levels. Three options are identified for improving CFT(0/spl deg/) performance: use of semi-conductive glazes; substitution of silicone for porcelain; and use of silicone coatings on existing porcelain insulators.
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