Abstract
Infiltration irrigation with saline water is a more effective method than drip irrigation to alleviate water scarcity worldwide, but so far, no report has discussed the clogging rules of ceramic emitters, a major component of infiltration irrigation system. To explore the clogging mechanism of ceramic emitter in saline water infiltration irrigation system, we used four kinds of saline water sources with electrical conductivity (EC) of 0.18, 1.74, 3.78, and 7.74 ds/m, respectively. In addition, we specifically investigated the law of discharge ratio variation (Dra) of ceramic emitters, as well as the composition and growth process of clogging substance. The results indicated that the Dra of ceramic emitters decreased in the process of saline water irrigation, and the higher the EC, the more obvious the decrease. The calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was the main component of the clogging substance in the inner wall of ceramic emitters. The clogging part was a layer on the inner wall of the emitters rather than the pores in the walls, and the clogging did not occur suddenly. Instead, it was caused by the long–term accumulation of the clogging substance. Moreover, with the increase of EC, the flocculation between the clogging particles in the water was enhanced and thus promoted the formation of stable and compact aggregates, which fundamentally led to the clogging acceleration of ceramic emitters. This clogging mechanism of ceramic emitters can provide some theoretical reference for the establishment of anti-clogging strategy.
Highlights
Saline water drip irrigation is a feasible method in areas where water is scarce or water competition is intense [1,2,3]
Chemical clogging of ceramic emitter under the saline water quality in Mosuowan irrigation area of Xinjiang was analyzed, and the results revealed that the compositions of the clogging substance in the ceramic emitters were CaCO3, SiO2, CaAl2 Si2 O8 4H2 O, and a little NaCl
We conducted an in-depth investigation into the chemical clogging mechanism of ceramic emitter in saline water infiltration irrigation and focused on the discharge ratio variation (Dra) variation
Summary
Saline water drip irrigation is a feasible method in areas where water is scarce or water competition is intense [1,2,3]. It is important to seek a new irrigation technology that can meet the demands of large-scale field irrigation and produce good economic and ecological benefits. For this end, the Institute of Water-saving. The recombination of salt occurs during transport, and chemical clogging in saline. When used in saline water irrigation, the ceramic emitters will be subject to clogging. Previous studies have indicated that the drip irrigation emitter clogging using saline water was closely related to the formation and agglomeration of chemical precipitation [9,10,11].
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