Abstract
BackgroundPituitary adenoma and meningioma are the most common benign tumors in the central nervous system. Pituitary adenoma associated with meningioma (PAM) is a rare disease and the clinical features and mechanisms of PAM are unclear.MethodsWe summarized the clinical data of 57 PAM patients and compared with sporadic pituitary adenoma (SPA) and sporadic meningioma (SM). 5 pituitary adenomas of PAM and 5 SPAs were performed ceRNA microarray. qRT-PCR, Western Blot, siMEN1 and rapamycin inhibition experiment were validated for ceRNA microarray.ResultsClinical variable analyses revealed that significant correlations between PAM and female sex as well as older age when compared with SPA and significant correlations between PAM and transitional meningioma as well as older age when compared with SM. Additionally, the characteristics of PAM were significantly different for MEN1 patients. Functional experiments showed lower expression of MEN1 can upregulate mTOR signaling, in accordance with the result of ceRNA microarray. Rapamycin treatment promotes apoptosis in primary pituitary adenoma and meningioma cells of PAM.ConclusionsMEN1 plays an important role in PAM by upregulating mTOR signaling pathway. Rapamycin represents a potential therapeutic strategy for PAM in the future.
Highlights
Pituitary adenoma and meningioma are the most common benign tumors in the central nervous system
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by germline MEN1 mutations that leads to the development of multi-focal neoplastic endocrine lesions of the parathyroid glands, endocrine pancreas, duodenum, anterior pituitary, and, less commonly, stomach, adrenal cortex, thymus, and lungs [8,9,10]
Clinical features A total of 8197 pituitary adenoma patients from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2017, were retrospectively analyzed; of these, 57 (0.7%) patients met the criteria for Pituitary adenoma associated with meningioma (PAM) (Additional file 3: Table S3)
Summary
Pituitary adenoma and meningioma are the most common benign tumors in the central nervous system. Pituitary adenoma and meningioma are the most common benign tumors in the central nervous system (CNS); pituitary adenomas represent a heterogeneous group of extra-axial neoplasms that collectively comprise approximately 13% of all intracranial tumors with an incidence of approximately 3 per 100,000 [1, 2]. Meningiomas are generally slow-growing tumors derived from the arachnoid membrane surrounding the central nervous system and they are among the most common intracranial tumors, with an overall incidence of 6 per 100,000 (15–25% of Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by germline MEN1 mutations that leads to the development of multi-focal neoplastic endocrine lesions of the parathyroid glands, endocrine pancreas, duodenum, anterior pituitary, and, less commonly, stomach, adrenal cortex, thymus, and lungs [8,9,10]. Rapamycin represents a potential therapeutic strategy for PAM in the future
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