Abstract
This chapter examines the development of China's national space program. Unlike Japan and the western nations, China failed to fully industrialize and remained as an agricultural nation well into the twentieth century. In 1949 the Communist government gained support from the Soviet Union, thereby jumpstarting their own rocket and missile programs. This alliance however started to deteriorate in the 1960s over differences in political direction. The nation bounced back in the late 1970s under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping who instituted science reform and established key partnerships with the West. Within thirty years, China's space program has attained a leadership position in Asia due to the hard work of the China National Space Administration, reliable state support, and the advantages provided by available foreign technology and know-how.
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