Abstract
Introduction: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease with an unknown etiology rating among oral potentially malignant disorder. The aim of the study was to determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the patients with OLP and rate of malignant transformation. Patients and methods: Data were obtained from the medical records of 271 patients referred to the Oral Medicine Unit at the University Hospital in Hradec Králové diagnosed with oral lichen planus in the period of 2003–2020. The records were retrospectively analyzed. The following clinical data were retrieved from the medical charts: gender, age, systemic diseases, alcohol and tobacco consumption, localization/clinical appearance of lesions, distribution of the lesions, presence of the symptoms, treatment provided and malignant transformation. Results: A total of 271 charts of patients with confirmed diagnosis of OLP were retrospectively analyzed, of whom, 66.4% (180/271) were women and 33.6% (91/271) were men. The mean age of the patients was 56.0 (18.2–85.0) years. The median follow-up of all patients was 15.2 months. Overall, 2 patients (2/271, 0.74%) meeting the above-mentioned criteria for malignant transformation were identified during the follow-up period. Both patients suffered from erosive type OLP and developed squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Conclusions: This retrospective study is in concordance with other studies showing the similar profile and clinical features of the patients with OLP. Malignant transformation rate was 0.74%.
Highlights
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease with an unknown etiology rating among oral potentially malignant disorder
This retrospective study is in concordance with other studies showing the similar profile and clinical features of the patients with OLP
Malignant transformation case was defined as the development of new histologically confirmed malignant tumor at the site simultaneously affected by OLP
Summary
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease with an unknown etiology rating among oral potentially malignant disorder. The aim of the study was to determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the patients with OLP and rate of malignant transformation. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is the chronic or recurrent autoimmune disease of the oral mucosa [1]. The etiopathogenesis of OLP is unknown the immune system plays a very important role in disease development [2]. Both antigen-specific and non-specific mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus [3]. The clinical picture is characterized by changing type/forms of lesions over time
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