The Challenges of the Design-Driven Biotech Resources and Unique Translational Tools to Manage Cardiac Self-Renewal and Regeneration to be utilized in Clinical Practice

Abstract

The approaches securing cardiac regeneration in post-infarction period are not available to be practiced. The key problem is the identity of cells is born to generate functionally active cardiac myocytes replenishing those being lost during ischemia. Over the last years, stem cells (SCs) have been a promise for the cure of several diseases, including heart failures, not only due to their plasticity but also acting as paracrine modulators and influencing the affected tissue. Human SC-based therapy derivatives are extremely attractive for therapeutic development because they have direct pharmacologic utility in clinical applications, unlike any other adult cells. Moreover, SC derived paracrine factors are to suppress inflammation and apoptosis, whilst stimulating angiogenesis, and amplifying the proliferation and differentiation of resident cardiac SCs (CSCs). SC therapies are thus viable alternatives to canonical treatments with substantial therapeutic potential; market opportunities are huge as multiple product candidates are expected to be approved over the coming decade. In this review, we accumulated recent data in the field of cardiac regeneration after MI using the latest resources of personalized and precision medicine (PPM), and considered promising ways of targeting pharmacotherapy and regenerative medicine in the field of cardiac rehabilitation.