Abstract
Street vitality is associated with a comfortable human-based public environment and urban sustainability. In most current studies, street vitality is assessed considering single or multi factors; however, the impact of time dimension is ignored. This study selects nine different year-built streets in old, main, and new urban areas, in Nanjing, China, proposes a framework to assess street vitality considering the different time dimensions and selects the following factors: street form, including building density, continuity, and height-width; street business type, including store density, function density, and permeation rate; and street accessibility, including location, the number of entrances/exits, transportation, and walkability. After calculating the values of the subfactors, a ranking method was applied to assign the ranking of impact of all factors for a comprehensive analysis. The results showed that Pipa Street, Wufu Street in a main urban area, and Hongmiao Street had the highest street vitality and the highest rankings of almost all the factors. Street vitality in different periods demonstrated that street vitality in new urban areas is lower compared with old and main urban areas.
Highlights
An urban built environment can be understood as a system that covers many interconnected spaces supported by social progress and technological capabilities [1]
The results show that building density and stre3e.1t
This study proposes a framework to assess street vitality while considering different time dimensions and utilizing three main factors, street form, street business type, and street accessibility
Summary
An urban built environment can be understood as a system that covers many interconnected spaces supported by social progress and technological capabilities [1]. Urban public spaces give a sense of visibility to buildings and public life, as a precondition for the development of open space, and are highly related to urban sustainable development [2,3]. As one of the largest urban public spaces, streets bear a profound social and humanistic connotation [4]. Street vitality is a key issue in studying urban public space and providing a sustainable human-based public environment [4]. Street vitality is broadly categorized as the continuing force of urban streets [5], the diversity of urban life [6], or the activity of the people in streets [7]. Jacobs [10] attempted to find desirable street forms to provide a reference for the design of such urban spaces
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