The Causality between Gut Microbiota and Hypertension and Hypertension-related Complications: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis

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BackgroundRecent studies have highlighted a connection between gut microbiota and hypertension, yet the precise nature of this relationship remains unclear. ObjectiveThis research aims to analyze the causal link between gut microbiota and hypertension, along with associated complications, utilizing two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR). Materials and MethodsSummary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) meta-analyses, including gut microbiota GWAS data from 24 cohorts, and the latest GWAS data for hypertension-related conditions were acquired. Employing various MR methods, including Inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, Weighted Median, Simple Mode, and Weighted Mode, we investigated the association between gut microbiota and hypertension-related conditions. Sensitivity analyses were conducted for result stability, and reverse MR analysis assessed the potential for reverse causality. ResultsThe Mendelian randomization analysis involving 199 microbial taxa and four phenotypes identified 46 microbial taxa with potential causal links to hypertension and its complications. Following Bonferroni correction, genus.Victivallis showed a robust causal relationship with hypertension (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.04-1.12, P = 9.82e-5). This suggests an 8% increased risk of hypertension with each unit rise in genus.Victivallis abundance. ConclusionIn conclusion, this study establishes a causal connection between gut microbiota and hypertension, along with common associated complications. The findings unveil potential targets and evidence for future hypertension and complication treatment through gut microbiota interventions, offering a novel avenue for therapeutic exploration.