Abstract
No problem which confronted the Lausanne Conference contributed more to its difficulties than that of “ the capitulations.” For almost four hundred years foreigners have enjoyed extraterritorial rights in the Ottoman Empire—rights which are anomalous when regarded in the light of the recognized principles of international law. Extraordinary privileges and immunities have become so embodied in successive treaties between the great Christian Powers and the Sublime Porte that for most intents and purposes many nationalities in Turkey form a state within a state. This regime has come to be known as “ the capitulations”: a code of legal reconciliation founded upon the immiscibility of Christianity and Islam; and a term of art alone descriptive of extraterritoriality in Turkey.
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