Abstract
The breakup of a quantum liquid droplet is examined through a 4He cluster by removing the attractive tail in the interaction between some of the atoms in the system with the diffusion quantum Monte Carlo simulation. The ground-state energy, kinetic energy, cluster size, and density profile of the cluster are evaluated against the percentage of the atoms without the attractive tail. The condition for the cluster to lose its ability to form a quantum liquid droplet at zero temperature is found and analyzed. The cluster is no longer able to form a quantum liquid droplet when about two-thirds of pairs of attractive interaction are removed. The findings are helpful to the current studies on the formation of quantum liquid droplets from cold atoms.
Highlights
A system related to cold atoms is a cluster of helium atoms that is a quantum liquid droplet at zero temperature even though the size of the cluster can be quite small[8,9]
Let us turn to the fundamental question: How much attraction must the particles in the cluster have in order to form a quantum liquid droplet? The way we examine this issue is by removing the attractive tail in the particle–particle interaction of a selected group of particles in the system
What makes a cluster of particles into a quantum liquid droplet? The attractive interaction between the particles is certainly driving force to make a quantum many-body system into a liquid if we want to state it in the simplest form
Summary
The breakup of a quantum liquid droplet is examined through a 4He cluster by removing the attractive tail in the interaction between some of the atoms in the system with the diffusion quantum Monte Carlo simulation. The ground-state energy, kinetic energy, cluster size, and density profile of the cluster are evaluated against the percentage of the atoms without the attractive tail. The breakup of a cold atom cluster with pure repulsive interaction after the removal of the trapping potential has clearly been seen in earlier experiments[4,5] There is another route to form a quantum liquid droplet in a cluster of quantum particles through the three-body correlation, an outcome of the Efimov effect[6,7]. We know for a fact that the attractive tail is essential for a helium cluster to be a quantum liquid droplet at zero temperature, overcoming the strong quantum fluctuation showing in the cluster, even when the cluster size is very small, for example, with less than a hundred atoms. The findings reported here are significant in understanding the formation of a quantum liquid droplet and may shed some light on the current studies on the formation of quantum liquid droplets from cold atoms
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
