The Blood Hemoglobin Sensor Based On (Ba,Sr)TiO3 Films: The Performance Evaluation and Data Analysis

Abstract

The information of blood hemoglobin level is very important for human health. Normal hemoglobin levels for men are in the range of 14-18.5 g/dL, and for women in the range of 12-16.5 g/dL. A hemoglobin level below the normal range indicates an anemia problem which could be fatal for human’s health. To detect the blood hemoglobin level, optical sensors must respond to the light within the range of 250-900 nm wavelength. In this paper we report the performance of Barium Titanate and Strontium Titanate (Ba,Sr)TiO3 films which are capable of detecting the blood hemoglobin level in the spectrum range of 380-780 nm. The performance of (Ba,Sr)TiO3 then compared with FDS100 standard sensor. The LED in this study, as a light source, has a wavelength of 545 nm and 570 nm. The (Ba,Sr)TiO3 film, LED and artificial blood samples were placed in a container and integrated with other electronic devices. The hemoglobin (Ba,Sr)TiO3 measurement data obtained was then processed using a machine learning method (linear regresion algorithm) and compared with the actual hemoglobin value from artificial blood. The evaluation of data measurement using linear regresion showed that BaTiO3 has more accuracy (84.83%) as compared to SrTiO3 (82.95%). This result is in accordance with the result from the optical and electrical properties, where a small band gap energy and a small resistance produce better optical and electrical properties resulting in a higher level of accuracy.