Abstract
Polypyrrole (PPy) is a promising conducting polymer in bone regeneration; however, due to the biological inertia of the PPy surface, it has poor cell affinity and bioactivity. Based on the excellent adhesion capacity, biocompatibility, and bioactivity of polydopamine (PDA), the PDA is used as a functional coating in tissue repair and regeneration. Herein, we used a two-step method to construct a functional conductive coating of polypyrrole/polydopamine (PPy/PDA) nanocomposite for bone regeneration. PPy nanowires (NWs) are used as the morphologic support layer, and a layer of highly bioactive PDA is introduced on the surface of PPy NWs by solution oxidation. By controlling the depositing time of PDA within 5 h, the damage of nano morphology and conductivity of the PPy NWs caused by the coverage of PDA deposition layer can be effectively avoided, and the thin PDA layer also significantly improve the hydrophilicity, adhesion, and biological activity of PPy NWs coating. The PPy/PDA NWs coating performs better biocombaitibility and bioactivity than pure PPy NWs and PDA, and has benefits for the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on the surface. In addition, PPy/PDA NWs can significantly promote the osteogenesis of MC3T3-E1 in combination with micro galvanostatic electrical stimulation (ES).
Highlights
Conducting polymers (CPs) especially polypyrrole (PPy) with excellent conductivity, long-term stability and biocompatibility have been widely applied in many fields [1,2,3]
CPs with nano morphology, which mimics the natural morphology of the extracellular matrix (ECM), can be fabricated via electrochemical and chemical polymerization on various substrates, and makes it an outstanding coating used in the biomedical field [9,10]
The PPy/PDA NWs was fabricated via a two-step method
Summary
Conducting polymers (CPs) especially polypyrrole (PPy) with excellent conductivity, long-term stability and biocompatibility have been widely applied in many fields [1,2,3]. The conductivity of CPs enables their use as sensors [4], controlled drug release [5,6], and functional tissue repair materials [7,8]. CPs with nano morphology, which mimics the natural morphology of the extracellular matrix (ECM), can be fabricated via electrochemical and chemical polymerization on various substrates, and makes it an outstanding coating used in the biomedical field [9,10]. PPy does not display functional groups to help it adhere to surfaces [14]; generating composite materials with PPy and other adhesive polymers can effectively enhance the functionality of PPy-containing coatings.
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