Abstract
Early Islamic theological thinking developed in a fiercely competitive multi-faith context. In the towns and cities of the late Umayyad and early Abbasid empires Muslims vied with Christians and others to present the truest account of reality in its transcendent and contingent states. Many inquisitive Muslims were also able to quote key verses from the Bible. The relationship between the earliest theological thinking in Islam and Christianity remains a matter of debate. Some think that Muslims were deeply influenced in the issues they first considered by the questions current among Christian scholars under their rule. Of course, it is not surprising that the Bible features so little in theological works of this kind. For, after all, they are internal Islamic endeavours to set out and interpret the implications of the teachings in the Qurʾan in a systematic manner for Muslims themselves.Keywords: Bible; Christianity; Early Islamic theology; Islam; Muslim; Qurʾ
Published Version
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