The beneficial effects of green tea on sleep deprivation-induced cognitive deficits in rats: the involvement of hippocampal antioxidant defense

Abstract

BackgroundThe weight of evidence suggests that sleep is essential for the processes of memory consolidation and sleep deprivation (SD) impairs the retention of long-term memory in both humans and experimental animals, which is associated with oxidative stress damage within the brain. Green tea polyphenols have revealed carcinogenic, antioxidant, anti-, and anti-mutagenic properties. We aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of green tea extract (GTE) and its main active catechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), on post-training total sleep deprivation (TSD) -induced spatial memory deficits and oxidative stress profile in the hippocampus of the rat. MethodsMale rats were treated with saline, GTE (100 and 200 mg/kg/day), and EGCG (50 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally for 21 days and then trained in Morris water maze (MWM) in a single day protocol. Immediately after the end of MWM training, animals were sleep deprived for 6 h by the gentle handling method, and then evaluated for spatial memory. Hippocampal levels of malondialdehyde, (MDA), and thiol was assessed as oxidant and antioxidant markers. ResultsSpatial memory was impaired in the TSD group and GTE at the dose of 200 mg/kg/day as well as EGCG at the dose of 50 mg/kg/day could reverse the impairment to the saline-treated levels. Despite the unchanged MDA levels, hippocampal total thiol was significantly decreased after TSD and EGCG increased it to the basal levels. ConclusionIn conclusion, green tea and its main catechin, EGCG, could prevent memory impairments during 6 h of TSD; probably through normalizing the antioxidant thiol defense system which was impaired during TSD.