The axiomatic nature of legal knowledge

Abstract

The article is devoted to the axiomatic nature of legal knowledge. The author argues that in the coordinates of modern methodological guidelines, the classical division of scientific knowledge into natural and humanitarian is not correct due to the presence of interdisciplinary and butt scientific knowledge. The thesis that the goal and purpose of scientific knowledge are unidirectional is substantiated. Scientific knowledge is one by nature, and therefore there is no need to differentiate the foundations of scientific theories into axioms and postulates.
 It is also pointed out that even today the problems of axiomatics of scientific knowledge are traditionally presented in the field of mathematics and other exact sciences, but it does not take into account that all scientific concepts (regardless of scientific affiliation) are based on axiomatic foundations. The methodological basis of the study was the concept of obtaining information by K. Shannon, the essence of which is to recognize the fact of obtaining new information about reality by observing it (a posteriori information) is possible based on pre-experimental, initial (a priori) information. This a priori information in scientific research is represented by a system of axioms and hypotheses.
 The article shows that the legal concepts of the origin of law are based on axioms, as provisions that are perceived as faith. The author identifies four axioms, which are often the basis of ontological legal concepts: the law is a social phenomenon and it arises in society (law is a social phenomenon); the right arises together with the state; law arises later than human society, but earlier than the state; law arises simultaneously with religion and morality as a result of the disintegration of mythology as a syncretic regulatory system. The results of the study can be used in further philosophical and theoretical and legal scientific research, preparation of special courses.