Abstract
IntroductionSeveral polymorphisms have been associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes in different populations.ObjectiveTo investigate the frequencies of a genetic polymorphism of vitamin D receptor (FokI and BsmI) in patients with T2D.MethodsThe case–control study was conducted in 138 patients with T2D and 172 control subjects, men and women (60–79 years old). The genotype and allele frequency determination of VDR polymorphisms were determined in these subjects.ResultsThe frequency of the C allele of the FokI polymorphism was significantly higher in the T2D group than in healthy subjects (p = 0.025). The frequencies of the BsmI variant were similar in subjects with and without T2D (p = 0.747). Consistent with these data, there was an association of the C allele with T2D (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.003–3.084, p = 0.036), but not the AG + GG variants for BsmI (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.635–1.649, p = 0.916). We can observe a significant association between carrier of the T > C variant of FokI and type 2 diabetes, adjusted for vitamin D, age, obesity (overweight and obesity), seasonality, sex and Homa-IR. Here, we show a significant association between the FokI polymorphisms (TC + CC) and T2D with an odds ratio of 1.9001 (95% CI (1.0970–3.6838), p = 0.041).ConclusionOur study suggests that the C allele (TC + CC) of the VDR-FokI gene is a possible risk factor for T2D in older people living in a community in Santiago de Chile.
Highlights
Several polymorphisms have been associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes in different populations
Our study suggests that the C allele (TC + CC) of the vitamin D receptor (VDR)-FokI gene is a possible risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in older people living in a community in Santiago de Chile
The subjects with T2D were shown to be more obese than the control subjects, which was represented by higher values for waist circumference, % of altered waist circumference, hip circumference and body mass index (BMI); they had higher Homa-IR values than healthy subjects (4.8 ± 9.6 and 1.2 ± 1.1, respectively)
Summary
Several polymorphisms have been associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes in different populations. The role of micronutrients is fundamental in the metabolic processes of living beings. Different studies have reported an inverse association between plasma levels of vitamin D (vitD) and the risk of diabetes, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome[4,5,6,7]. Clinical studies focused on type 2 diabetes (T2D), have shown a positive correlation between circulating vitD levels and insulin sensitivity, indicating that vitD deficiency may predispose to glucose intolerance, the secretion of altered insulin and T2D8–10, either through a direct action via activation of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), or indirectly through calcemic hormones and through inflammatory processes[1,11,12]
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