Abstract
To assess synthetically the association between polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene (FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Pubmed, Embase, ISI Web of Science, Google-scholar and CBMDisc, CNKI and Chongqing VIP databases were searched. A meta-analysis was performed. Six studies with 636 cases and 1,035 controls were included in this meta-analysis. The outcomes showed that the FokI polymorphism (F allele) of VDR gene had no statistical protective relationship with DR in overall studies. Interestingly, stratification analysis showed that the FokI polymorphism (Fallele) was significantly associated with decreased DR risk in the Chinese population, among included studies without publication bias, during a comparison analysis between normal subjects and DR patients, and among articles published after 2010. However, the TaqI, BsmI and ApaI polymorphisms of VDR gene had no significant association with the risk of DR. This meta-analysis of case-control studies revealed that the VDR-FokI polymorphism (F allele) decreased the risk of DR in Chinese people, among included studies without publication bias, during a comparison analysis between normal subjects and DR patients, and among articles published after 2010. Further rigorous and prospective studies with large sample size are needed to confirm our findings.
Highlights
To date, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of most common causes of visual impairment (VI) in adults starting from the age of 20 years until 74 years[1]
The TaqI, BsmI and ApaI polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene had no significant association with the risk of DR
This meta-analysis of case-control studies revealed that the VDR-FokI polymorphism (F allele) decreased the risk of DR in Chinese people, among included studies without publication bias, during a comparison analysis between normal subjects and DR patients, and among articles published after 2010
Summary
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of most common causes of visual impairment (VI) in adults starting from the age of 20 years until 74 years[1]. A pooled analysis, 1980-2008, revealed that the global prevalence of DR was 34.6% (95% confidence interval, CI: 34.5-34.8%) in patients with diabetes[3]. Many strategies are performed to prevent DR4, DR is more prevalent with the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), especially in China[5]. The mechanisms of DR are sophisticated and there are many studies to identify a number of potential susceptibility genes for DR including those coding for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)[6], angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)[7], aldose reductase (ALR)[8] and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)[9]. To assess synthetically the association between polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene (FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI) and diabetic retinopathy (DR)
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