Abstract
Background and aimsDietary macronutrient composition plays an important role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed at assessing the iso-energetic substitution of dietary macronutrients in relation to the incidence of CVD. Materials and resultsThis prospective study was conducted on 5102 individuals of Tehran lipid and glucose study participants, aged 20–70 years who were followed for 5.3 years. A valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intakes. The hazard ratio of CVD for each 5% of energy from macronutrients at the expense of another macronutrient was calculated using the substitution model.During follow-up, a total of 206 CVD outcomes were identified. Mean age of participants (44.2% men) was 47.0 ± 12 and 45.6 ± 11 for men and women, respectively. Substituting 5% of energy from all types of macronutrients by 5% percentage of energy from combined saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was associated with a decrease in the risk of CVD by almost 20%. Higher energy intake from total-, starchy-, and nonstarchy carbohydrates replaced by other macronutrients was not significantly associated with the risk of CVD. Each 5% of energy from animal protein (HR: 1.09 and CI: 1.02–1.16) independently increased the risk of CVD in the adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. ConclusionHigher percentage of energy from animal protein independently increased the risk of CVD, replacement of SFA and MUFA together with other macronutrients was inversely associated with CVD risk.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.