The assessment of the oral cavity biocenosis state in patients with type II diabetes mellitus when using removable dentures

Abstract

In connection with the progression of periodontal tissue diseases in the population, there is a rejuvenation of the age of patients who need to treat long dentition defects with removable denture constructions. This problem especially concerns patients with type II diabetes mellitus.Aim. To study the state of the oral cavity biocenosis in patients with type II diabetes mellitus using removable dentures against the background of the prophylactic use of Echinacea purpurea preparations.Materials and methods. The study included 157 patients with type II diabetes: a group of patients with toothless jaws of various types according to Schroeder and Keller (group 1, n = 45) and defects in the dentition of large spaces from 8 to 13 teeth (group 2, n = 112). Patients of subgroup 2 were prescribed a prophylactic course with Echinacea Compositum C; patients of 3 subgroups were taken a prophylactic course of Echinacea-Teva tablets. For bacteriological and mycological studies, the contents from the oral cavity and the surface of the prostheses were used.Results. Patients in all groups showed the presence of nonhemolytic streptococcus, gram-positive rods, lactobacilli, neisseria and enterococci and the appearance of pathological staphylococcus, diplococcus and yeast-like fungi. The largest spectrum of microorganisms was observed in patients with type II diabetes: in addition to all representatives of microorganisms indicated, the anaerobic flora was also determined in them. In 1 month of using prostheses in subgroup 2 all types of pathogenic microflora of the oral cavity in total accounted for no more than 50%, and in this observation period the anaerobic flora did not appear within the entire observation period. When using tablets containing Echinacea purpurea in patients of subgroup 3 the attention is drawn to the absence of the aerobic flora in this group, as well as the low content of yeast-like fungi.Conclusions. The biocenosis of the oral cavity in patients with type II diabetes mellitus using removable dentures should be considered as one of the most important indicators for assessing their dental health. The use of drugs containing Echinacea purpurea in patients with diabetes mellitus in addition to the basic antihyperglycemic therapy was accompanied by an increase in the rate of adaptation and was confirmed by both subjective and objective data.