The assessment of hybrid material of black currant of Federal Agrarian Scientific Center of the North-East breeding according to the complex of economically valuable features

Abstract

The aim of research was to evaluate hybrid black currant families on productivity, large-fruitiness, flavor, resistance to currant gall mite and American mildew and to reveal the best ones in conditions of Kirov region. The studies were held in the experimental orchard of Federal Agricultural Research Center (FARC) of the North-East (Kirov) in 2010-2017. The object of the research was the hybrid of black currant breeding of FARC of the North-East on a plantation established in 2013. The scheme of planting was 3×1 m. 26 hybrid families (453 seedlings) obtained as a result of hybridization in 2010 were evaluated. Observations and recordings were held according to the general methods. For creating hybrid material of black currant the varieties Sapphire, Shagane, Arcadia, Mulatka and forms – as sources of economically valuable features obtained in conditions of Kirov region were used. According to the results of the research, the combinations of hybridization with the maximum yield of hybrid seedlings with valuable features which show an interest for the further breeding were revealed: 41-3-07×Sapphire – early maturity and good productivity (75.6-91.1 %); 10-1-07×Arcadia – large-fruitiness (50.0-66.7 %) and nice flavor (61.5 %); 57-5-07×44-8-96 – with resistance to currant gall mind (100.0 %) and mildew (42.9 %); 69-5-07×Shagane – good productivity (50.0-92.8 %); 102-1-07×Alexandrina, 25-4-07×Mulatka, 99-3-07×34-4-96 – with resistance to currant gall mind (100.0 %). For the further research 12 selected forms of black currant with economically valuable features have been identified, replicated and planted at the site of primary studying. The Sapphire variety became the best parent form in evaluating breeding material. In crossing combinations with its involvement the maximal amount of selected seedlings with economically valuable features (8 from 12 forms) were revealed. In crossing combinations, where the Shagane variety was used as a male parental form, a high yield of productive seedlings was noted.