Abstract
The condition of the natural environment, including breathable air, indicates that actions are to be taken related to the reduction of exhaust emissions from transport. One of the sectors of transport is aviation. The reduction of emissions is tightly related to the types of fuels in this sector of transport. In the paper, the authors propose the application of a new generation of jet fuels. A full exploration of the physicochemical properties of these fuels requires research under actual engine operation. The conducted research pertains to the autoignition of modified jet fuels in terms of the thermodynamic indicators and optical analyses of the early phase of flame development. The investigations were conducted using a Rapid Compression Expansion Machine with a simultaneous recording of images using a high-speed camera. Owing to this technique, the authors could assess the thermodynamic properties and analyze the early flame development processes. The investigations enabled the assessment of fuel properties indicating an increased delay of the autoignition process compared to the reference fuel (diesel fuel). The performed analyses have confirmed a huge role of modern fuels (including HEFA in particular) in contemporary aviation–significant delay of autoignition at a simultaneous significant formation of autoignition spots and high intensification of combustion.
Highlights
The problems related to the increasingly deteriorating condition of natural environment, including the atmosphere, have caused researchers to undertake works aiming at reducing the exhaust emissions from jet engines
The aim of the performed research was the determination of the impact of the modification of the JET type fuel on: (1) the capability of autoignition, and (2) the combustion process indexes related to the reference fuel
Faster combustion process of the diesel fuel (Figure 9) is the effect of the earlier ococcurring pre-flame processes; the maximum value of dPcyl/dt is close to the values curring pre-flame processes; the maximum value of dPcyl/dt is close to the values of of the outstanding fuels; the outstanding fuels; Analysis of combustion of the outstanding fuels indicates a great deal of similarity in terms of the pre-flame processes: the highest value of dPcyl/dt was obtained for the combustion of the HEFA30 fuel
Summary
For the cause and effect assessment of the engine operation (piston or flow machines) diagnostics of these engines is applied. When it comes to the exploration processes, despite widely popularized simulation methods [24,25] experimental research and development works still remain significant This is a solution including basic research using test engines (single or multi cylinder) and rapid compression machines [26,27,28,29]. The indicator tests were performed using a Rapid Compression Expansion Machine in order to determine: the indexes of the combustion process in the form of a cylinder pressure curves, the pressure change rates, the autoignition delay and to estimate the heat release rate. The investigations aimed at determining the indexes at small loads, at which the early flame formation processes are much longer and their course allows a detailed assessment
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